Rural doctors, while accounting for just 30% of the doctors in Xinjiang, provide care to 70% of the population. Most rural doctors are unlicensed due to poor training. This 7-year project aims to increase the rate of licensed rural doctors from the current 6.3 percent to 60 percent through ramping up in-service trainings of rural doctors. The project will provide degrees (associate degree and higher) based on part-time or full-time training to 10,000 in-service village and township doctors. The project will also provide postgraduate and continuing medical education to 30,000 rural doctors from village to county level. Xinjiang Medical University will partner with the local health department to design and implement this project.